Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I’m Beth.
你好。这是来自 BBC Learning English 的 6 分钟英语。我是贝丝。
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I’m Beth.
你好。这是来自 BBC Learning English 的 6 分钟英语。我是贝丝。
And I’m Neil. Phew! I've spent all day in meetings, then shopping, then collecting the kids from school - I'm exhausted, Beth! What have you been doing today?
我是尼尔。唷!我花了一整天的时间开会,然后购物,然后接孩子放学 - 我累坏了,贝丝!你今天做了什么?
Oh, not much, just sitting around sitting around 含义:闲坐着;无所事事地待着 用法:sit around 的现在分词形式,常和 doing nothing 连用。 近似:hanging around / lounging around / doing nothing 例句:They were sitting around doing nothing after lunch.(午饭后他们闲坐着什么也没做。) Stop sitting around and help me clean the room.(别闲坐着了,帮我打扫房间。) doing nothing doing nothing 含义:什么也不做;处于放空状态 用法:do nothing 的动名词形式,常用于描述休息或懒散状态。 近似:doing absolutely nothing / taking it easy / switching off 例句:I spent Sunday morning doing nothing on purpose.(我周日上午故意什么也没做。) Doing nothing can be useful when your mind needs a break.(当大脑需要休息时,什么也不做可能很有用。) … relaxing and kicking back kicking back 含义:正在放松;休息一下 用法:kick back 的动名词形式,常和 relaxing 连用。 近似:relaxing / taking it easy / unwinding 例句:She is kicking back with a cup of tea.(她正喝着茶放松。) We spent the evening kicking back after a long week.(漫长的一周后,我们晚上放松了一下。) ! Lucky you! Don’t you have work to do?
哦,没什么,只是坐着什么都不做……放松和放松!幸运的你!你没有工作要做吗?
It may not look it, Neil, but I’m actually as busy as a bee as busy as a bee 含义:忙得不可开交 用法:固定比喻,强调非常忙碌。 近似:very busy / snowed under / swamped / flat out 例句:I have been as busy as a bee since Monday.(从周一开始我就忙得不可开交。) The shop assistants were as busy as bees before the holiday.(假日前店员们忙得不可开交。) ! If you’ve seen nature documentaries documentaries / documentary 词根:doc + ment + ary 释义:纪录片 记忆:doc 表示“教、证明”,document 是记录/文件,documentary 是基于记录的影片。 about worker bees flying from flower to flower,
尼尔,看起来可能不像,但我实际上忙得不可开交!如果您看过有关工蜂从一朵花飞到另一朵花的自然纪录片,
you probably think animals are always on the move on the move 含义:在活动;不停移动 用法:可指身体移动,也可指生活或工作节奏很忙。 近似:moving around / active / on the go 例句:The kids are always on the move.(孩子们总是在动个不停。) She is constantly on the move for work.(她因为工作经常奔波。) .
您可能认为动物总是在移动。
But the surprising truth is, away from the cameras, most animals spend most of the time doing absolutely absolutely / absolutely 词根:ab + solut + ly 释义:完全地;绝对地 记忆:ab 表示“离开”,solut 表示“松开/解除”,引申为没有保留、完全地。 nothing at all.
但令人惊讶的事实是,远离镜头,大多数动物大部分时间都什么都不做。
In the natural world where finding food and shelter is hard work, why have some animals evolved to do nothing do nothing 含义:什么也不做;无所事事 用法:中性表达,可以指休息,也可以指没有采取行动。 近似:do absolutely nothing / take no action / sit idle 例句:Sometimes the best plan is to do nothing for a while.(有时候最好的计划就是暂时什么也不做。) The team did nothing until the problem became serious.(团队直到问题变严重才有所行动。) ?
在自然界中,寻找食物和住所是一项艰苦的工作,为什么有些动物进化到无所事事呢?
And if it’s good enough for animals, would being lazy work for humans too? That’s what we will be discussing in this programme programme / programme 词根:pro + gram 释义:节目;计划 记忆:pro 表示“向前”,gram 表示“写下的东西”,programme 可指安排好的节目或计划。 , and as usual, we’ll be learning some useful new vocabulary vocabulary / vocabulary 词根:voc + ary 释义:词汇;词汇表 记忆:voc 表示“声音、说话”,vocabulary 是可使用的词语集合。 as well. But first, let me work up the energy work up the energy 含义:鼓起劲;攒出精力 用法:表示慢慢积攒足够精力去做某事。 近似:summon the energy / find the energy / muster the energy 例句:I finally worked up the energy to clean my desk.(我终于鼓起劲清理了书桌。) He could not work up the energy to reply to the emails.(他提不起劲回复邮件。) to ask you a question question / question 词根:quest + ion 释义:问题;提问 记忆:quest 表示“寻找、追问”,-ion 构成名词。 , Neil. Of course, some animals have a reputation reputation / reputation 词根:re + put + ation 释义:名声;声誉 记忆:put 表示“思考、估计”,reputation 是别人反复评价形成的名声。 for lounging about – lions, for example,
如果这对动物来说足够好,那么懒惰对人类也有用吗?这就是我们将在本计划中讨论的内容,并且像往常一样,我们还将学习一些有用的新词汇。但首先,让我鼓起勇气问你一个问题,尼尔。当然,有些动物以闲逛而闻名——例如狮子,
can sleep up to twenty hours a day! But what is the slowest moving animal on Earth? Is it: a) the giant tortoise b) the three-toed sloth or c) the koala?
每天可以睡二十个小时!但地球上移动最慢的动物是什么?是:a) 巨龟 b) 三趾树懒还是 c) 考拉?
Well, I think it’s the three-toed sloth.
嗯,我认为这是三趾树懒。
OK, Neil. I’ll reveal the correct answer at the end of the programme programme / programme 词根:pro + gram 释义:节目;计划 记忆:pro 表示“向前”,gram 表示“写下的东西”,programme 可指安排好的节目或计划。 . Now it’s no surprise that lazy lions love relaxing, but even animals with reputations reputations / reputation 词根:re + put + ation 释义:名声;声誉 记忆:put 表示“思考、估计”,reputation 是别人反复评价形成的名声。 for being busy spend time doing nothing doing nothing 含义:什么也不做;处于放空状态 用法:do nothing 的动名词形式,常用于描述休息或懒散状态。 近似:doing absolutely nothing / taking it easy / switching off 例句:I spent Sunday morning doing nothing on purpose.(我周日上午故意什么也没做。) Doing nothing can be useful when your mind needs a break.(当大脑需要休息时,什么也不做可能很有用。) . Look carefully carefully / carefully 词根:care + ful + ly 释义:仔细地;小心地 记忆:care 表示“关心、谨慎”,-ful 表示“充满”,-ly 构成副词。 into an ant's nest and you’ll see around half of them just sitting there motionless motionless / motionless 词根:mot + ion + less 释义:静止的;不动的 记忆:mot 表示“移动”,-less 表示“没有”,motionless 即没有移动。 .
好的,尼尔。我将在节目结束时揭晓正确答案。懒惰的狮子喜欢放松也就不足为奇了,但即使是以忙碌着称的动物也会花时间无所事事。仔细观察蚂蚁的巢穴,你会发现大约有一半的蚂蚁一动不动地坐在那里。
Here’s Professor Professor / professor 词根:pro + fess + or 释义:教授 记忆:fess 表示“说、宣称”,professor 原指公开讲授的人。 Dan Charbonneau Charbonneau / charbonneau 词根:proper noun 释义:人名:Charbonneau 记忆:专有名词通常不按词根拆解;这里标记是因为字幕中为低频专名。 , an expert in insect behaviour behaviour / behaviour 词根:be + have 释义:行为;表现方式 记忆:behave 表示“举止、表现”,behaviour 是行为方式。 , discussing the lazy rock ant with Emily Knight, presenter presenter / presenter 词根:pre + sent + er 释义:主持人;演讲者 记忆:present 表示“呈现、介绍”,-er 表示执行动作的人。 of BBC Radio 4 programme programme / programme 词根:pro + gram 释义:节目;计划 记忆:pro 表示“向前”,gram 表示“写下的东西”,programme 可指安排好的节目或计划。 , Naturebang.
昆虫行为专家 Dan Charbonneau 教授与 BBC 广播 4 台 Naturebang 节目主持人 Emily Knight 讨论了懒惰的岩蚁。
Dan’s research has focused on ant colonies, a species called temnothorax temnothorax / temnothorax 词根:Greek term 释义:细胸蚁属 记忆:生物分类名,temno 与“切分”相关,thorax 指“胸部”。 rugatulus or the rock ant.
丹的研究重点是蚁群,一种称为 temnothorax rugatulus 或岩蚁的物种。
I think ants are a symbol of industriousness industriousness / industriousness 词根:industr + ious + ness 释义:勤劳;勤勉 记忆:-ness 表示性质或状态,industriousness 是勤劳这种品质。 , you know, they have this whole tiny little society going on that's kind of similar to ours… some idealised version what humans might be if we could only pull it together and all work together we could be as industrious industrious / industrious 词根:industr + ious 释义:勤劳的;努力工作的 记忆:industry 表示“勤勉、行业”,-ous 表示“具有某种性质”。 as the ants, but then when you look at it, roughly about half the colony is inactive inactive / inactive 词根:-ive 释义:形容词后缀:具有某种倾向 记忆:例如 active / cognitive。 at any given time.
我认为蚂蚁是勤劳的象征,你知道,它们有一个小小的社会,与我们的社会有点相似……人类可能会是什么样的理想化版本,如果我们只能把它团结起来,大家一起努力,我们就可以像蚂蚁一样勤奋,但当你观察它时,大约有一半的蚁群在任何给定时间都是不活动的。
We think ants are industrious industrious / industrious 词根:industr + ious 释义:勤劳的;努力工作的 记忆:industry 表示“勤勉、行业”,-ous 表示“具有某种性质”。 , or hard-working.
我们认为蚂蚁很勤劳,或者说勤劳。
Groups of ants, called colonies, seem tiny, perfect societies where everyone works hard for the good of the group. Then why are so many of them inactive inactive / inactive 词根:-ive 释义:形容词后缀:具有某种倾向 记忆:例如 active / cognitive。 ?
蚂蚁群体,称为蚁群,看起来是微小而完美的社会,每个人都为了群体的利益而努力工作。那么为什么有这么多人不活跃呢?
One possible answer is that they’re reserve ants, ready to step in step in 含义:介入;接手;出面帮忙 用法:常用于有人或某个机制在需要时介入处理。 近似:intervene / take over / help out 例句:The manager stepped in when the discussion became tense.(讨论变得紧张时,经理介入了。) If anyone is absent, another teammate can step in.(如果有人缺席,另一位队友可以接手。) if disease or disaster strike.
一个可能的答案是,它们是后备蚂蚁,准备在疾病或灾难发生时介入。
But could it simply be that they don’t work because they don’t need to. Would you get out of bed on Monday morning if you didn’t have to? Maybe the ants can teach us a thing or two about relaxing. But wouldn't it get boring just sitting around sitting around 含义:闲坐着;无所事事地待着 用法:sit around 的现在分词形式,常和 doing nothing 连用。 近似:hanging around / lounging around / doing nothing 例句:They were sitting around doing nothing after lunch.(午饭后他们闲坐着什么也没做。) Stop sitting around and help me clean the room.(别闲坐着了,帮我打扫房间。) all day? Not according to psychologist psychologist / psychologist 词根:psycho + log + ist 释义:心理学家 记忆:psycho 表示“心理/精神”,log 表示“研究”,-ist 表示从业者。 , Dr Sandi Mann.
但它们不工作是否只是因为不需要?如果不需要的话,你会在周一早上起床吗?也许蚂蚁可以教我们一两件事关于放松。但整天坐着不是很无聊吗?心理学家桑迪·曼博士表示并非如此。
She thinks being productive productive / productive 词根:pro + duc + tive 释义:高产的;有效率的 记忆:duc 表示“引导”,productive 表示能产出成果的。 – working to produce produce / produce 词根:pro + duc 释义:生产;产生 记忆:pro 表示“向前”,duc 表示“引导”,produce 是把东西引出、生产出来。 a lot for the amount of resources we use, is overrated. Boredom has its benefits too,
她认为生产力——根据我们使用的资源量来生产大量产品——被高估了。无聊也有好处
as she explains to BBC Radio 4 programme programme / programme 词根:pro + gram 释义:节目;计划 记忆:pro 表示“向前”,gram 表示“写下的东西”,programme 可指安排好的节目或计划。 , Naturebang Naturebang / naturebang 词根:proper noun 释义:节目名:Naturebang 记忆:专有名词,指 BBC Radio 4 的节目名。 .
正如她向 BBC 广播 4 台 Naturebang 节目所解释的那样。
Would humans have invented bread or beer or fire, you know, if we hadn't been bored and were wondering, ‘what on earth would happen if we mix this with this?’,
你知道,如果我们没有感到无聊并想知道“如果我们将这个与这个混合到底会发生什么?”,人类会发明面包、啤酒或火吗?
you know. Are all these sorts of inventions inventions / invention 词根:-tion 释义:名词后缀:行为、过程或结果 记忆:例如 action / translation / motivation。 the mother of boredom? But in this world of constant stimulation stimulation / stimulation 词根:stimul + ation 释义:刺激;激励 记忆:stimul 表示“刺、激发”,-ation 表示行为或过程。 switching off is harder than it's ever been. That's why we're constantly constantly / constantly 词根:con + st + ly 释义:不断地;持续地 记忆:st 表示“站立、保持”,constant 是“保持不变的”。 swiping and scrolling and looking for the next big thing, and the new thing and we bored of things very quickly… so it's a kind of paradox to get rid of get rid of 含义:摆脱;去掉;清除 用法:常用于去除问题、东西、感觉或习惯。 近似:remove / eliminate / throw away / shake off 例句:We need to get rid of these old files.(我们需要清理掉这些旧文件。) How can I get rid of this bad habit?(我怎样才能改掉这个坏习惯?) this unpleasant unpleasant / unpleasant 词根:un + pleas + ant 释义:令人不快的;不舒服的 记忆:un- 表示否定,please 表示“使愉快”,unpleasant 即不愉快的。 state of boredom is actually to allow more boredom into your life. Dr Mann doubts humans would have invented things without the curiosity curiosity / curiosity 词根:cur + ios + ity 释义:好奇心 记忆:cur 与“关心、追问”相关,-ity 表示性质或状态。 that comes from being bored. Boredom is the mother of invention inventions / invention 词根:-tion 释义:名词后缀:行为、过程或结果 记忆:例如 action / translation / motivation。 ,
你知道。所有这些发明都是无聊之母吗?但在这个持续刺激的世界里,关闭比以往任何时候都更困难。这就是为什么我们不断地滑动和滚动,寻找下一个大的事情,新的事情,我们很快就厌倦了……所以摆脱这种不愉快的无聊状态实际上是让更多的无聊进入你的生活,这是一种悖论。曼博士怀疑如果没有因无聊而产生的好奇心,人类是否会发明一些东西。无聊是发明之母,
an idea based on the famous proverb, necessity necessity / necessity 词根:necess + ity 释义:必要;必需品 记忆:necess 表示“不可避免/必须”,-ity 表示性质或状态。 is the mother of invention invention / invention 词根:-tion 释义:名词后缀:行为、过程或结果 记忆:例如 action / translation / motivation。 , an idiom meaning that if you really need to do something, you will think of a way of doing it. Instead of fearing boredom we can open up to open up to 含义:接纳;向某事开放;开始接受 用法:表示从心理上更愿意接受某种想法、体验或可能性。 近似:become open to / be willing to accept / embrace 例句:She slowly opened up to the idea of moving abroad.(她慢慢开始接受搬到国外这个想法。) Travel can help you open up to different cultures.(旅行能帮助你接纳不同文化。) its benefits by switching off - stopping worrying or thinking about something and relaxing. Slowing down helps too - something we can definitely definitely / definitely 词根:de + fin + ly 释义:明确地;肯定地 记忆:fin 表示“边界、结束”,definite 是边界清楚、确定的。 learn from our animal cousins. I think now’s a good time to reveal the answer to my question question / question 词根:quest + ion 释义:问题;提问 记忆:quest 表示“寻找、追问”,-ion 构成名词。 , since we have nothing else to do.
这个想法基于著名的谚语“必要性是发明之母”,这句话的意思是如果你真的需要做某事,你就会想到一种方法。我们不用担心无聊,而是可以通过关闭来享受它的好处——停止担心或思考某事并放松。放慢速度也有帮助——我们绝对可以从我们的动物近亲身上学到这一点。我认为现在是揭晓我的问题答案的好时机,因为我们没有其他事可做。
You asked me to name the world’s slowest animal and I guessed it was the three-toed sloth. Was I right?
你让我说出世界上最慢的动物的名字,我猜它是三趾树懒。我说得对吗?
That was the correct answer! With a top speed of 30 centimetres centimetres / centimetre 词根:centi + metre 释义:厘米 记忆:centi 表示“百分之一”,metre 表示“米”。 per minute, three-toed sloths move so slowly that algae grow on their coats!
这才是正确答案!三趾树懒的最高速度为每分钟30厘米,移动速度非常缓慢,以至于它们的皮毛上都长出了藻类!
OK, let's recap recap 含义:回顾;概括 用法:口语和教学场景常用,用于总结刚讲过的内容。 近似:review / summarize / go over 例句:Let us recap the main points before we finish.(结束前我们回顾一下重点。) The teacher recapped yesterday’s lesson.(老师回顾了昨天的课。) the vocabulary vocabulary / vocabulary 词根:voc + ary 释义:词汇;词汇表 记忆:voc 表示“声音、说话”,vocabulary 是可使用的词语集合。 that we've learned from this programme programme / programme 词根:pro + gram 释义:节目;计划 记忆:pro 表示“向前”,gram 表示“写下的东西”,programme 可指安排好的节目或计划。 starting with the phrase kicking back kicking back 含义:正在放松;休息一下 用法:kick back 的动名词形式,常和 relaxing 连用。 近似:relaxing / taking it easy / unwinding 例句:She is kicking back with a cup of tea.(她正喝着茶放松。) We spent the evening kicking back after a long week.(漫长的一周后,我们晚上放松了一下。) – stop doing things and relax completely completely / completely 词根:com + ple + ly 释义:完全地 记忆:com 表示“共同/全部”,ple 表示“填满”,complete 是“完整的”。 .
好吧,让我们回顾一下从这个节目中学到的词汇,从短语“踢回来”开始——停止做事,完全放松。
The adjective adjective / adjective 词根:ad + ject + ive 释义:形容词 记忆:ject 表示“投掷、放置”,adjective 是“附加到名词上的词”。 industrious industrious / industrious 词根:industr + ious 释义:勤劳的;努力工作的 记忆:industry 表示“勤勉、行业”,-ous 表示“具有某种性质”。 means hard-working. A colony is the name given to a group of certain animals including ants and some seabirds. Someone who is productive productive / productive 词根:pro + duc + tive 释义:高产的;有效率的 记忆:duc 表示“引导”,productive 表示能产出成果的。 is able to produce produce / produce 词根:pro + duc 释义:生产;产生 记忆:pro 表示“向前”,duc 表示“引导”,produce 是把东西引出、生产出来。 a lot for the amount of resources they use. The proverb necessity necessity / necessity 词根:necess + ity 释义:必要;必需品 记忆:necess 表示“不可避免/必须”,-ity 表示性质或状态。 is the mother of invention,
勤奋这个形容词的意思是勤劳。群体是指一群某些动物的名称,包括蚂蚁和一些海鸟。富有生产力的人能够根据他们使用的资源量生产大量产品。俗话说需要是发明之母,
means that if you really need to do something, you will think of a way of doing it. And finally finally / finally 词根:fin 释义:边界;结束 记忆:同根词 define / definite / final。 , to switch off switch off 含义:关闭;放空;停止操心 用法:既可指关闭设备,也可指让大脑从工作或压力中抽离。 近似:turn off / disconnect / stop thinking about work / unwind 例句:I switch off my phone after dinner.(晚饭后我会关掉手机。) It is hard to switch off after a stressful day.(压力很大的一天后很难放空。) means to stop worrying or thinking about something and relax. Once again,
意思是如果你确实需要做某件事,你就会想办法去做。最后,“关闭”意味着停止担心或思考某事并放松。再次,
our six minutes are up – it must be time to sit down, close your eyes, and just do nothing do nothing 含义:什么也不做;无所事事 用法:中性表达,可以指休息,也可以指没有采取行动。 近似:do absolutely nothing / take no action / sit idle 例句:Sometimes the best plan is to do nothing for a while.(有时候最好的计划就是暂时什么也不做。) The team did nothing until the problem became serious.(团队直到问题变严重才有所行动。) ! Goodbye for now!
我们的六分钟时间到了——是时候坐下来,闭上眼睛,什么也不做!暂时再见了!